مبادىء في المنطق

1 1 3 2 2 2 5 wwwbramathscom Brahim Ajghaider wwwbramathscom m Notions de logiques I P x

2 les quantificateurs 2 E P x wwwbramathscom Brahim Ajghaider P x y y x P x y z k P x y z x E P x P x E x P x E x E P x E x P x E 1 n m 2 m n 1 x y m n y x 2 2 1 2 2 x y x y 1 x y y x 2 n x m nx m 3

3 ngation 1 P P 1 0 0 1 V et F 1 0 1 0 P x x E P x x E P x x E P x x E wwwbramathscom Brahim Ajghaider II P P 7P P P

4 disjonction 2 P Q Q P wwwbramathscom Brahim Ajghaider Q أو P P Q 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 P x x x 1 P 1 P 3 P 2 P Q P Q P Q 2 2 2 P x x x 1 0 x او P 2 P 1 3 3 1 2 x x 1 0 2 2 2 x x 1 0

5 conjonction 3 P Q Q P 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 P Q Q P implication 4 P Q P Q 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 Q P P Q wwwbramathscom Brahim Ajghaider Q P Q P Q P PQ وQا P Q P Q P P Q Q P PQ او P Q P Q P Q

6 quivalence 5 wwwbramathscom Brahim Ajghaider P Q P Q 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 1 1 1 xy x y x y او y x 5 x y y xy x y 01 1 1 6 2 P x x 0 2 3 2 0 2 3 2 3 5 2 2 2 3 5 7 x x P Q P Q و Q P Q P Q P P P Q

7 - 1 2 3 A B A C B C A C C AB وا B C 4 7 7 q p p q 5 6 wwwbramathscom Brahim Ajghaider III C b A C b A 7 7 Aو AB 7اوB 7 7 7 AB اوAB و AC اوB و AB و AC و A BC و A B AC او n n1